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Introduction

Natural spices include animal and plant extracted spices and biotechnology synthesized spices, and biocatalysis, i.e. enzyme-catalyzed technology, is one of biotechnology, the use of biocatalytic technology to synthesize spices can avoid the shortcomings of animal and plant raw materials are limited, the cost is high, the quality of the big difference, etc., and it has the advantages of health and safety, green environmental protection, and sustainable development.

Phenylpropanoid compounds are an important class of organic chemical raw materials. Its source is firstly extracted from plant raw materials, and later mainly used phenol derivatives and allyl bromide as raw materials. The following figure shows the common flavors and applications prepared from phenylpropanoid raw materials:

The sources of these high value-added bioflavors are usually substances such as eugenol, isoeugenol, phenylalanine, ferulic acid and coumarin.

Vanillin

Among them, vanillin, the chemical name is 3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, with the aroma of vanilla beans and a strong milky flavor, play the role of aroma and fixed aroma, is widely used in cosmetics, tobacco, confectionery, candy, as well as baked goods and other industries, is the world's largest production of synthetic spice varieties, the industrialization of the production of vanillin has been a history of many years. Compared with synthetic vanillin, natural vanillin (including biologically prepared vanillin) has a purer, less irritating and more natural aroma.

The figure below shows the synthesis of natural vanillin from different natural substrates:

The mechanism of biocatalytic synthesis of vanillin from isoeugenol may be:

The highest yield reported abroad for the conversion to vanillin using isoeugenol was 32.5 g/L, and the highest yield reported domestically was 46.1 g/L. Due to the use of isoeugenol-water biphasic catalysis, it was not specified whether the content was in the organic phase or relative to the content in the whole reaction system, with a high amount of residual substrate.

With the deepening of the concept of people's health, the demand for natural flavors will increase, the use of biotechnology such as biocatalysis to synthesize natural flavors will become more and more hot.

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