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Function:

Disodium EDTA, also known as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt (EDTA-Na2), is a commonly used food additive with various functions widely applied in the food processing industry.  The main functions include:

Preservative effect: Disodium EDTA acts as a preservative and extends the shelf life of food.

Detoxification function: It has excellent detoxification properties and helps the body eliminate harmful substances, enhancing detoxification capacity.

Enhances iron absorption: Disodium EDTA promotes the absorption of iron and helps prevent iron-deficiency anemia.

Inhibits copper ion absorption: It can inhibit copper ion absorption, reducing the risk of copper poisoning.

Prevents food discoloration: Disodium EDTA additives effectively prevent food discoloration by promoting lipid oxidation during food processing.

Water treatment agent: Adding Disodium EDTA to drinking water prevents adverse effects caused by manganese ions, iron ions, and magnesium ions.

Improves detergent quality: Disodium EDTA added to detergents enhances the cleaning and emulsifying properties, prevents precipitation, and improves detergent quality.

Hazards:

Although Disodium EDTA offers various benefits, overuse or improper use can lead to certain hazards:

Skin irritation: Direct contact of Disodium EDTA with the skin or mucous membranes, especially in high doses, can cause skin irritation, burning sensations, and erythema.

Respiratory tract damage: Due to its irritant properties, inhalation of Disodium EDTA without proper protective measures can cause irritation to the respiratory mucosa, leading to symptoms such as dry throat and itching.

Effects on kidneys and nervous system: Excessive use of Disodium EDTA may impact the kidneys and nervous system, causing symptoms like kidney stones, impaired renal function, and abnormalities in the nervous system.

Loss of calcium ions: Disodium EDTA can complex with calcium ions, leading to a deficiency of calcium ions and affecting normal physiological functions.

In conclusion, Disodium EDTA is safe and beneficial when used in appropriate quantities.  However, it is important to take precautions, avoid excessive intake or improper use, and minimize potential health.